Cognitive speech therapy encompasses various aspects, including memory, attention, orientation, word retrieval, and executive function, which involves problem-solving and reasoning abilities. Cognitive disorders can vary in severity, from mild impairments to advanced conditions like dementia. By focusing on these skills, therapy aims to enhance independence and quality of life. Treatment plans usually include cognitive brain exercises, strategies to cope with deficits, and ongoing education and support for the individual, family members, and caregivers.